Critical Analysis And Strategy For Friendship Baptist Church

Critical Analysis and Strategy for Friendship Baptist Church The Non-profit has been in existence for 43 years. It was organized in response to a rift between the original organization and some of its members. Over the years, the organization has not been able to adapt and develop sufficient training and development within the new organization to foster growth and maturity in members or develop capable leaders from within the organization. The morale and level of viable activity has experienced times of growth and decline due to the change in leadership and lack of clear vision and mission. Key Players There is one formal leader. This leader was elected by a popular vote of the members of the organization. The tenure of the leader is ongoing and has spanned for seven years. The demographic makeup of the organization is varied in age, gender, social class and economics. The racial makeup is predominantly African American. There is a loose structure of administrative support and interior management. Financial elements are handled by a designated person (female) and one assistant (female). There is an elected board of leaders/servants designated to oversee the needs of the members of the organization. This board is made up of 4 males and two trainees. Intended Outcomes The base issue is a failure to communicate clear and directed mission and vision for the organization. There is also a failure to identify necessary changes to normal practice and procedures of theShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesEthnicity 48 †¢ Disability 48 †¢ Other Biographical Characteristics: Tenure, Religion, Sexual Orientation, and Gender Identity 50 Ability 52 Intellectual Abilities 52 †¢ Physical Abilities 55 †¢ The Role of Disabilities 56 Implementing Diversity Management Strategies 56 Attracting, Selecting, Developing, and Retaining Diverse Employees 56 †¢ Diversity in Groups 58 †¢ Effective Diversity Programs 58 Summary and Implications for Managers 60 S A L Self-Assessment Library What’s My Attitude Toward Older People

Anything in Excess is negative Oedipus The King by Sophocles

To go to far is as bad as to fall short. Confucius. Everything should be done in moderation and there should be a healthy equilibrium in all situations and aspects of life. Something taken too far is the equal to something not taken far enough; both concepts are flawed and cause confliction. These are the beliefs that the Greek gods held and also imposed on their people. Know thy self; nothing in excess was inscribed at Temple Apollo at Delphi in Ancient Greek. Temple Apollo is known to be the most sacred place in the Greek world. Oedipus the king of Thebes went against the word of the gods by doing many things in excess. He did this by having excessive pride and anger. Not only that he also he also held excessive power and control over†¦show more content†¦In his excess of anger he fails to see what is blatantly placed in front of him and he ceases to use his brain or any rationale he commits acts in haste and has little to know patience for any reasoning. He strikes the m an at the carriage for little or no reason which he does not know yet is his father; he has a murderous temperament. He dismisses Teiresias without ever giving him a chance to openly say what he wants too. He does not let Teiresias finish what hes saying because he gets too angry too fast with out even listening to everything with an open mind he jumps to conclusions and does not use or listen to any reasoning. When Teiresias calls him the cursed polluter of the land Oedipus immediately becomes enraged and tries to silence him at once with threats You are say it! Have you no shame at all? And do you expect to escape the consequence? (Sophocles, 35). Instead, if he had questioned Teiresias about what he meant by that statement or asked him for evidence. By having control over his anger Oedipus could have been knowledgeable to the truth sooner. Charles A. Beard wrote that Whom the gods would destroy, they first make mad with power. This can beShow MoreRelatedThe Tragic Tragedy Of Sophocles Oedipus The King1601 Words   |  7 PagesThe Tragic Hero Tragedy deals with unexpected or unfortunate events that usually results in negative outcomes that affects the downfall of the main character in a play. Tragedy within Greek drama incorporates the time within the their lifestyle of religious and superstitions. Greek writers use tragedy as a theme in literature because it represents their civilization. Sophocles uses this theme in his dramatic plays because the audience is able to correspond to the story line. It allows the audienceRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pageschampions) but also to those who support others’ ideas (supporters) and who provide resources to implement them (orchestrators). 23. I encourage informed rule-breaking in pursuit of creative solutions. ______ In situations where I have to provide negative feedback or offer corrective advice: ______ ______ ______ 24. I am able to help others recognize and define their own problems when I counsel them. 25. I am clear about when I should coach someone and when I should provide counseling instead. 26

The Davis Wing and the Problem of Airfoil Design Essay Example For Students

The Davis Wing and the Problem of Airfoil Design Essay Among the many important decisions confronting designers of an airplane is choice of shape for the fore-and-aft sections of the wing. During the 1930s most American designers made this choice from an extensive catalog of sections whose aerodynamic properties had been measured in the wind tunnels of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. In 1938, however, one major company, the Consolidated Aircraft Corporation of San Diego, chose for its B-24 bomber a some what mysterious section devised by a lone inventor named David R. Davis. The choice depended on some unusual test results, unexplained at the time, from the wind tunnel at the California Institute of Tech nology. The B-24 went on to become the most numerous and one of the most successful bombers of World War II. The Davis section, after its moment in the sun, disappeared quiedy and with litde effect on the evolution of wing design. This situation, curious at the time and largely forgotten today, is an interesting sideligh t in the history of aeronautics. More important for scholarly concerns, it provides a useful vehicle for studying engineering knowledge in relation to design. This article is a companion to three earlier studies in which I ex amined various aspects of engineering knowledge in the contexts successively of experimental research, theoretical analysis, and pro duction.1 The intermediate activity of design figured in all of these, but   not in a central way. The Davis episode appeared to offer an opportu nity to fill this gap. In view of the ambiguity surrounding Consoli dated^ choice, I hoped in particular to learn something about how uncertainties in knowledge affect and are affected by engineering design. Engineers frequently have to make decisions of great practical consequence in the face of incomplete and uncertain knowledge; it seemed likely that this necessity might have epistemological implica tions. At the same time, as an aeronautical engineer I was curious to see whether the unusual performance of the Davis section could be ex plained in light of subsequent understanding. In pursuit of this goal, a second and related theme emerged: how knowledge grows in relation to concrete demands from design. Design thus relates clearly to â€Å"the central problem of epistemology has always been and still is the problem of the growth of knowledge.†2 Edw-in Layton has emphasized the multiple benefits for historians of â€Å"examining technology from the point of view of design.†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Design, however, is not all of a kind; it involves many levels of activity in a typically hierarchical relationship. In the case of airplanes, the hierar chy proceeds downward, in the present instance, through project definition, overall airplane design, overall wing design, aerodynamic wing design, and, finally, wing-section design. At the last three levels, other elements appear besides the one noted (e.g., structural and mechanical wing design in the next to last), and the total design process goes on iteratively, up and down and horizontally, through the hierar chy. At the upper levels, even the form of the solution is frequently   uncertain beforehand. At the topmost level, the task o f project defini tion, as the term implies, is to translate often ill-defined commercial or military needs into a concrete technical problem for the level below. Innovation of new devices and systems in any field of technology depends on the relatively unstructured conceptual activity at such upper levels. People outside engineering tend to think of design mostly in such terms. At the lower levels of the airplane-design hierarchy, where the greatest expenditure of engineering effort actually takes place, problems are normally well defined, and activity tends to be highly structured. In the choice of wing section at the bottommost level, the form of the solution had been established well before the 1930s, and the problem was one of specifics. Uncertainties arose main ly from the explicit knowledge on which designers depended.4 My two initial questions dictate the organization of w hat follows. The first section explores the design process at Consolidated, with emphasis on what was and was not known. This section shows the nature of uncertainties in aerodynamic knowledge in the 1930s. It also illustrates how an engineering design community functions in the face of uncer tainty at a given time. The second section then outlines the general history of airfoil design to determine where the Davis section belongs and to attempt to explain its performance. In so doi ng, we see how an engineering community acts to increase knowledge and reduce uncer tainty as time proceeds. The final section then enlarges on the themes of uncertainty and growth. We observe, among other things, that growth of knowledge and reduction of uncertainty in design are actively related, even when increased performance is not at issue. Consolidated, Aircraft and the Davis Profile In the summer of 1937, engineers at Consolidated (later Consoli dated Vultee and now the Convair Division of General Dynamics) were engaged in extensive design study of wing optimization for long-range naval patrol aircraft. Production for the navy of the company’s PBY two-engine flying boat, which in World War II would be built in larger numbers than any other water-based airplane, was nearing 100, and construction of the prototype XPB2Y-1 four-engine boat was well along. With the rapid advances taking place in airframe, engine, and propeller design, a potential market existed for still-higher   performance flying boats—not only for the navy but also for the growing intercontinental commercial service. At the same time, Reuben H. Fleet (1887-1975), founder and president of Consolidated, seems to have had his eye on sales to the Army Air Corps of long-range, land-based bombers. The Boeing B-17 was beginning to demonstrate what was possible w ith such airplanes. Some e ngineers at Consolidated already felt that the days of the flying boat would eventually be num bered and that the growth and even survival of the company required air corps as well as navy business. In the rapidly changing aeronautical world of the late 1930s, a study of wings for long-range aircraft could serve a complex of purposes.5 To define the shape of a w ing for construction, the aircraft designer must decide on the planform—that is, the outline of the wing when viewed from above—and on the profile of the fore-and-aft sections, referred to as an airfoil profile, airfoil section, or simply airfoilThe shape of the wing, in turn, determines its aerodynamic performance. Deci sions on shape must therefore be made with the desired performance in view, and this requires some method for evaluating the performance of different designs. For unswept wings of the sort used in the 1930s, aerodynamic performance can be calculated fairly accurately from theoretical ideas that reduce this problem also to one of planform and section. This reduction, which is an approximation aerodynamically, affords a number of simplifications. The most notable is that it allows   the aerodynamic drag to be treated as the sum of two parts, induced drag and profile drag, which have very different causes. For a given aerodynamic lift, the planform determines the magni tude of the induced drag. This drag supplies the work required to generate the energy of the continuously lengthening vortices that trail from the tip regions of any lifting wing of finite span. Induced drag is thus the price that must be paid for lift on such a wing. Consideration while designing EssayAlthough he thus derived inspiration from the Magnus effect, his procedure was essentially an exercise in geometry. It must be admitted, however, that Davis’s equations are   themselves not at all simple or obvious. The construction on which they are based is also both ingenious and complex. Although his scheme had no valid basis in fluid mechanics, it could not have been devised without a good deal of menial effort of some sort. Whatever the nature of his thinking, Davis, like others, had to resort to experiment for his airfoils’ performance. Since no wind tunnel was available, he improvised by borrowing a large Packard car from his friend Douglas Shearer, chief sound engineer at the Metro-Goldwyn Mayer studios and brother of the movie actress Norma Shearer. He then mounted a large flat board horizontally on top of the car, to isolate his model from the aerodynamic disturbances of the car body, and tested his airfoils cantilevered vertically above the board. The measure ments of the distribution of pressure at the surface of the airfoil were made by photographing an array of manometers in the car as it was driven at high speed (on lonely back roads in Southern California according to one source and with flanged wheels on an abandoned railroad in the desert according to another). Davis’s purpose was to search out the optimum airfoil from among the family obtained by altering the values assigned to the constants in his equations. After laboriously testing a number of airfoils in the years 1935 to 1937, he decided, however, that such procedure would require the rest of his life. When Consolidated engineer George S. Schairer questioned him   about it later (after the company had learned the shape of the profile), Davis said he therefore â€Å"sat in a chair for three days considering the matter [of the value of the assignable constants) and concluded on theoretical grounds that plus one and minus one were best.†19 He did not say what the theoretical grounds were. I le then checked this airfoil out to his satisfaction on the Packard. This was the airfoil incorporated in the model he delivered to GALC1T. The comparative measurements at GALGIT, made in late August and early September of 1937, came as a shock to Professor Clark B. Millikan (1903-66) and his wind-tunnelstaff. In Millikans words from his report to Consolidated, â€Å"Certain of the results for the Davis wing are so striking that when they were first obtained, it was felt that some experimental error must have entered.† The Davis model and the Consolidated model that served for comparison (the latter with N Ð Ã ¡Ã  â€Å"21-series sections) were therefore carefully remeasured to make certain their planforms agreed sufficiently (they did). The Davis model was then retested on two more occasions some weeks apart, with the three tests showing â€Å"practically perfect agreement. The Consolidated model, which according to Millikan had originally a poor surface finish, was polished to the same outstanding finish as the Davis model and also retested to see whether the results of the latter model could be duplicated. (Understanding was growing, though a few years would elapse before it became firm and widespread, that surface condition can have as much effect on airfoil performance as the shape of the airfoil itself.) The Consolidated model, however, still showed nothing unusual.*0 The most striking result for the Davis wing was in the relationship between lift and angle of attack (the angle of inclination of the wing relative to the airstream). Engineers measure this relationship by the lift-cune slope, defined as the increase in lift per degree increase in   angle of attack. To the consternation of the investigators, the Davis model gave an experimental slope practically equal to the value calcu lated from the usual theory of nonviscous (i.e., frictionless) flow. This finding caused concern because viscosity should, in principle, reduce the measured value below that given by theory. The expected rela tionship was recovered when Theodore von Kirm £n, director at GALCIT, pointed out that the generally used theory was an approxi mate one and that a more accurate nonviscous theory gave a comfort ably higher result. A question nevertheless remained: the measured slope for the Davis model was still from 7 to 13 percent higher than for the great majority of wings tested at GALCIT and 6 percent higher than the previous best. Millikan could offer no explanation for this difference. He could only surmise that the high value for the Davis model came from some peculiar and unspecified variation of viscous effects with angle of attack (a possibility 1 shall return to later). This uncertainty was of more academic than practical importance, however, since a slightly higher lift-curve slope has no great use for the aircraft designer. Of greater interest to Consolidated was the fact that the Davis model also showed a slightly lower minimum drag compared with the com pany’s design and a significantly lower increase in drag with increasing lift. As a result, the Davis model exhibited about 10 percent less drag at the lift required for long-range cruise. This potentially usef ul finding was tempered, however, by a notorious difficulty with wind-tunnel testing: because of â€Å"scale effects† associated with viscosity, results from a small model at relatively low speeds (as was the situation in the tests at GALCIT) cannot be extrapolated simply and reliably to the full-scale airplane at the speeds encountered in flight. On account of the un usually large aspect ratio and the limitation on span imposed by the 10-foot diameter of the tunnel, the average chord of the present models (the significant dimension for airfoil studies) was considerably less than customary at GALCIT. Millikan worried, therefore, whether the differences in performance might not be due more to reduced scale than to the difference in airfoil shape.* Reception of the results at Consolidated, at least at the level of Fleet and Laddon, was apparently less critical. (Debate must certainly have occurred within the engineering staff, but records from the Consoli dated days no longer exist at Convair.) In late September, three weeks after the tests, Fleet reported the development to Admiral Arthur B.

Pda Connector Case free essay sample

An additional feature of ConneCtor is its ability to establish wireless links to other ConneCtors for voice and data transfer or to cell phones for voice transfer. For direct data transfer, the product includes an infrared port and also ships with a USB synchronization cradle. In summary, the key features of ConneCtor are: †¢ Instant communication for voice and data †¢ Cell phone, pager, fax and e-mail, and instant messaging †¢ PIM functions †¢ Digital voice recorder †¢ Enabled voice commands †¢ PalmOS application base. The History of the PDA The Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) is basically a hand-held computer. In 1984, the first PDA, the Psion1, was introduced. It could store addresses and phone numbers, keep a calendar, and included a clock and calculator. In 1993, Apple introduced the Newton PDA, which was too bulky, too expensive and had handwriting recognition too inaccurate to be successful. However, the excitement surrounding the Newton hinted that there could be a market for such devices. We will write a custom essay sample on Pda Connector Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The broad acceptance of PDA technology then materialized in 1996, when Palm Inc. ame out with the Palm Pilot that featured an elegant user interface and a reliable character-recognition system. By 2001, PDAs had evolved to offer many applications including wireless Internet capabilities, games and music playback. PDAs are designed for very specific tasks and environments: there are custom-built PDAs for amateur astronomers, truck drivers and teachers. In addition, there is specialized software available to fit specific needs; for example, people in the medical fields can obtain software that lists thousands of drugs with their dosages and interactions. PDA Types The 2001 palm-sized PDA market was mainly composed of two types, each with its own philosophy: (1) the PDA/Palm devices run PalmOS, whose developers sought to make PDAs simple but functional products focusing on Personal Information Management (PIM) tasks; (2) the PDA/Pocket PCs run the more complex operating system, Microsoft Windows CE, which allows these PDAs to offer 1 Source: Marketing Engineering – Lilien and Rangaswamy extensive features. In addition, â€Å"smart† phones are breaking into the PDA world. These wireless application protocol phones extend traditional cell phones with PDA functions such as email and Web access. The original Palm Pilot embodied the PDA/Palm design mission. It provided a simple organizational device, composed of a calendar, an address book and a to-do list with e-mail and Internet access. It also had a character-recognition system that worked for most people. Handspring, Palm’s biggest competitor, introduced snap-on modules to expand the Handspring Visor and allow many applications, including an MP3 player, a web cam and digital camera. These features appealed to the youth market and enabled Handspring to gain considerable market share. In 2001, Palm also offered this same degree of expandability and was able to maintain a market share of more than two thirds; in addition, all of Palm’s close competitors licensed its operating system, PalmOS. Several electronic manufacturers have developed similar devices; for example, Sony introduced Clie as a direct competitor to Palm and Handspring. PocketPCs make up the other group of PDAs, whose manufacturers include Compaq, Hewlett-Packard, Psion and Casio. These hand-held computers come with a large application suite of pocket Windows applications, e. g. , a scaled down version of MS Office. They usually come with more memory than PDA/Palms and with a range of accessories to be added to the devices (e. g. , digital cameras, web ams). However, they are bulkier, heavier and more expensive. In contrast, PDA/Palms perform basic tasks very well and, unlike the PocketPCs, synchronize with non-Windows systems. A new technological thrust in 2001 involved the adoption of wireless technology for the PDA with manufacturers trying to assess if and how to add wireless capabilities. Wireless technology would make synchronization possible without docking, making PDAs true communication tools. ATT, Nokia and other cellular phone companies have started developing wireless phones with some PDA functions. The PDA Customer As PDA designs have evolved, manufacturers have targeted different segments based on differing lifestyle and business needs. Palm initially captured innovators – people eager to adopt a new gadget. A typical early PDA user was a professional, high-income male. He was over 30 and probably worked in a technology field. Even as of September 2000, 93 percent of PDA users were male, according to IDC, a Massachusetts technology consulting firm. Another major group of users is the mobile professional. Since this group frequently needs access to e-mail and the Internet while away from the office, it is also driving progress on the wireless front. A recent study by the University of California at Berkeley indicated that nearly half of the users had a technical job dealing with computers, and the overwhelming majority of the respondents rated hemselves as technically sophisticated. To attract more mainstream buyers in 2001, companies were working on increasing the usability of the PDA and its general appeal to non business users. For example, the new Claudia Schiffer Palm (sold via her Web site) is supposed to give Palm a sexier image, and Handspring’s Visor line comes in many colors. Palm’s affordable M series ($150) targets college students and other nonprofessional consumers. It is expected that such efforts will eventually open up the largely untapped young consumer and female markets. However in 2001, it appeared unlikely that the bulk of the mainstream population would enthusiastically embrace the PDA. A PDA was still relatively pricey and fairly limited. Handwriting recognition was slow and lacked quality, and keyboard facilities were either non-existent, too big to carry or too small to use. The display screen was too small for most applications other than text display. Internet connections were generally both slow and expensive. In addition, the mainstream market appeared to have little need for many of the more sophisticated features the PDAs were able to offer. PDA Features Given all the available design options, new product entries must make tradeoffs between features. Customers want easy portability, but with more functions the PDA becomes heavier and bulkier. PDA users’ needs are heterogeneous. Those who are looking for a high-tech way to store contact and appointment data may be satisfied with the basic models that cost $200 or less. They also are likely to prefer to keep a PC and cell phone separately rather than having an integrated PDA system that could do both. Users who plan to use the PDA as an extension of a PC by creating and accessing documents, sending e-mail, and doing basic Web surfing, might consider a Pocket-PC in the range of $350–$600. The appendix provides more details on PDA features. Facts about the PDA Market In 2001, many companies participated in the PDA market, bringing in a variety of new products designed to appeal to new audiences. The market was changing and growing rapidly. PDA unit sales totaled 1. 3 million in 1999 and more than doubled, totaling 3. 5 million in 2000 (Source: NPD INTELECT in Business 2. 0).

Drilling Offshore or not Essay Example

Drilling Offshore or not Essay Example Drilling Offshore or not Essay Drilling Offshore or not Essay Name: Lecturer: Course: Date: Reflection paper The research paper presents an argument on the effects of offshore oil drilling. The engineer appreciates the fact there is a high demand of oil in many countries. Due to the economic status, offshore drilling is the most economical method of oil mining. However, the researcher registers great concern on the consequences of this method, for example oil spillage, which results to severe pollution of the environment. Instead of using this inappropriate method, there are other alternative mentioned. The researcher recommends use of renewable energy resources in place of oil. If oil must be drilled, then onshore method should be used. This method is safer than offshore drilling. There are a few areas that the researcher needs to improve on. It is clearly stated that using renewable energy is one alternative of solving oil problems. This is a logical finding but may not be applicable. It could be extremely difficult to get the best energy source that is reliable. The researcher should find out more details and explain the most appropriate energy source. In place of offshore drilling, onshore method can be used. The work lacks brief details on this method. It is crucial to include them so that its benefits over offshore method are revealed. This research topic is wide, and more data could be gathered. It is recommendable to carry out further research on this topic. It will not only benefit the researcher but other people who wish to be informed. Despite the improvements to be made, there are also strengths. The argument made in this research paper has clearly been brought out. The points have been explained with clarity and are comprehensive. One significant characteristic of this paper is that it not only lays out an argument but also gives some practical solutions. The greatest strength experienced during this research, was getting evidence. The statistics included are a good support for the points laid out. There were readily available and easy to access. During field work, the respondents were cooperative hence, accurate data was obtained. This made it easy to analyze and present the data. The only significant struggle experienced was working within a limited time.

External Environmental Analysis of Hallensteins

External Environmental Analysis of Hallensteins External Environmental Analysis of Hallensteins Hallensteins operates in an industry which is highly competitive. The performance of the market is highly affected both internal and external environmental factors. However, macro-factors have the potential of affecting the economic productivity of the firm (Dun Bradstreet, 2007). These external factors can be analyzed using the porters fives forces model. This model is essential in conducting an industrial analysis of the clothing market of New Zealand. Using this model, Hallensteins economic and industrial performance can be analyzed as discussed below. Competitive Rivalry Just like the rest of the firms, globalization has affected the clothing industry of New Zealand. Using the porters model, competitive rivalry in the clothing industry (especially mens wears) affects the profitability and economic potentials of growth and development of Hallensteins. Amid this intense competition, Hallensteins has remained profitable over time. As noted by the CEO, the changes in the fiscal and monetary policy adopted by the government of Australia and New Zealand had impacted on the purchasing power of the consumers (Bollard, 2002). Hallensteins faces still competition from fashion and clothing firms such as DHL Express Fashion Export Scholarship. The clothing industry of New Zealand is a perfectly competitive industry with free entry and exit. The fashion and mens wear traded in this industry have close substitutes which are highly differentiated. This allows for stiff and fair competition in the industry. The power of suppliers The suppliers determine the success of an industry. This is the same situation in the fashion industry where Hallensteins operates. Hallensteins depends on both imports and exports as their main suppliers. This implies that the industry operates in a fairly competitive industry with respect to supplies (Roy, 2009). Therefore, suppliers determine the success of Hallensteins through manufacturing quality products for both men and women and at the same time ensuing study supply of the much needed fashion and clothing essentials. The power of buyers A market only exist where there are willing and able buyers. Buyers are highly sensitive to price, quality and taste and preferences. For Hallensteins, the main group of customers is men. Given the competitive nature of this industry and the free accorded to the buyers, Hallensteins success rests on how well it match the changing needs of the customers in the fashion industry. Hallensteins target men as the most potential group of consumers because of their relatively higher purchasing parity and economic dominance (Rutland, 2005). Threats of substitutes Customers in the fashion and clothing industry of New Zealand have a variety of products and clothes to independently choose from. This gives them a chance of satisfying their diverse interests and preferences. For instance, there are range of mens shirts, coats, trousers, and shoes which consumers can choose form. Substitutes become a threat when their prices are relatively cheaper, and the consumers are ready to make a product switch. New Entrant Threat Since Hallensteins operates in a perfectly competitive industry with no legal barriers to entry or exit, other international fashion firms are free to enter the clothing industry of New Zealand. The entry of new firm or manufacturers is a big threat to the future success of Hallensteins as this would imply stiffer competition for the limited resources (Roy, 2009).

Multinational Acquisition (MICROSOFT acquired NOKIA Essay

Multinational Acquisition (MICROSOFT acquired NOKIA - Essay Example With this concern, the essay intends to elaborate the acquisition strategy of Microsoft Corporation over Nokia Oyj. Microsoft recently underwent strategic acquisition of different brands of Nokia. The company opt for patent acquisition specifically of certain mobile phones that were traded by Nokia previously. Microsoft acquired patents of around 8500 designs that were previously traded by Nokia. However, Microsoft did not opt for replacing the existing brand name that Nokia is using for branding its products (Singh, 2014). Thus, the essay will analyse the different acquisition techniques followed by the organisation i.e. Microsoft when acquiring Nokia. The type of acquisition, which Microsoft underwent, is patent acquisition. In order to describe the acquisition, it can be inferred that the company acquired nearly 8500 patents of designing certain brands of Nokia. Patent is duly considered to be an intellectual property for the companies. The acquisition of the patent rights eventually provided Microsoft with an added advantage to develop an authority to deal with certain authorities. It is worth mentioning that with the recent development of different phones that designed by Apple and Samsung, the well-developed market of Nokia fell drastically. Furthermore, as the Android technology based smart phones took over the market and developed its leadership over Windows software, Microsoft even faced a massive downturn. The giants of their respective areas of operations faced severe backlogs and developed a huge turmoil during this convergence of the market. Thus, Microsoft went with strategic development of acquiring the 8500 design p atents of Nokia specifically in the field of smart phones (Ali-Yrkko et al., 2013). The acquisition that took place between the two companies was mostly based on the intellectual properties, which are owned by Nokia. Microsoft eventually acquired the business units that

Summary of New Cardiovascular Drug Article Essay

Summary of New Cardiovascular Drug Article - Essay Example This is a disease of the cardiovascular system and the heart in particular. The physiological system under discussion in this article is the cardiovascular system. In general, the cardiovascular system is the main element that is concerned with the transportation of substances around the body and hence enhancing the exchange process. Substances like nutrients wastes, gases- oxygen and carbon dioxide are passed across the cells and the cell function is sustained (Marieb & Hoehn 2007). The cells form the body tissues while the tissues constitute organs and organs form the organ systems. The heart is cone shaped and lies on the side of the diaphragm inclined to the right side (shoulder) and having the widest part upwards. Its about the size of a fist roughly 9cm in width and 12 cm long. The muscles provide the force of pumping blood as it's the biological pump pericardium covers the whole heart. Heart muscles are specially designed for the pumping purpose and are called cardiac muscles. The muscles are striated and connected to form almost one block termed syncytium. The heart is divided into right and left chambers and further into two auricles and two ventricles. Ventricles pump blood outside the heart and heart valves direct their flow (Marieb & Hoehn 2007). Cardiovascular system also includes the blood

Macbeth Diary Entries Essay Example for Free

Macbeth Diary Entries Essay I am weary and suspective of Macbeth as he questions much of my movement with Fleance that afternoon. I really feel something amiss. Maybe it is just Macbeths insecurity for all i know. It is late and Fleance is waiting for me in the woods. I must go now. Macbeth and I just had just came back from a battle. A great one indeed. We had came ashore and were proceeding back to Forres when we came upon this desserted and gloomy heath where we were most shcoked to be greeted by three witches that had long beards strecthing from their ragged cloaks. I was uncertain what gender they were, but i knew something was wrong. At first sight, the three creatures greeted Macbeth Thane of Glamis. They then started chanting prophesis that concerned Macbeth and me. The first witch chanted,All hail,Macbeth! Hail to thee,Thane of Glamis followed by the next All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee,Thane of Cawdor and the last of which chanted All hail, Macbeth ,that shalt be king hereafter! Hail they chanted three times together and continued prophesising. Lesser then Macbeth, and greater. the first witch chanted. Continued the second Not so happy, yet much happier. Thou shalt get kings ,though thou be none So all hail, Macbeth and Banquo. Chanted the last of witch. I was overwhelmed by suspision when i heard those prophesies whilst Macbeth was, I should say rather engrosed and interested in their prophesies. Macbeth wanted them to stay but in a blink of an eye, they suddenly disappeared into thin air. Macbeth was furious. Stay you imperfect speaker s, tell me moreMacbeth Was truely interested in these creatures prophesy, but i just got a bad feeling about this. Dear Diary, The news my cousin brought filled me with an unimaginable grief. My family, brought to the graves by such feeble means, so defenceless and alone while I was off in England arguing with Malcolm about my loyalty, which how dare he question it! Only a monster would kill innocent children and women, there was no reason for it! How can they live with themselves? As I write I am miles away from Fife for how could I stay when that atrocity happened in the place where I would have rested? I can never forgive myself for what happened that day, that fateful day which has brought me nothing but pain. I lay in my bed last night feeling alone and confused. My thoughts were in flux; I had ranged between crushing, overwhelming depression, during which I had shed countless tears onto my blankets, and anger so volatile I got up to put on my armour and immediately head to Fife (thrice), in hopes of catching the perpetrator only to remember my family, take off my armour, and lay back down. My wife would not have liked me to be dwelling on avenging their deaths but it is the only thing my mind has been set on. I have thought of killing myself, taking away the pain but I cannot do that! What would people think? I have no heir to my title or wealth, they would think I killed my family myself! Then I think of that assassin and him off gallivanting killing more innocent people and breaking other peoples hearts and I know hes got to be finished. If I ever find out who has killed my loved ones, I will be the death of them or they be the death of me. Macduff I am writing this entry, sitting at a desk in Scone. I have recently witnessed my dear friend Macbeth crowned King of Scotland. I am still in shock after the strange happenings of the past few days, so I am not yet overcome with neither joy nor grief. I should be happy for Macbeth, yet I feel that something inside me will not allow me to be so. These events, I fear, have not happened by chance, but that something evil, something supernatural is at work. Macbeth and I felt immense pride, on that fateful day as we rode, victorious, over the moor. We had just defeated the ghastly Norwegians, though by uncivilized means. Macbeth rightly said So foul; and fair a day I have not seen. Not far into our journey, we came upon three weird sisters. They all hailed Macbeth Thane of Glamis, Thane of Cawdor, and king hereafter. True, he was Thane of Glamis, but we were puzzled, to say the least, about the other two statements. As I was intrigued, I questioned them about my future. In reply, they told me that my sons would me kings, and that I would be Lesser than Macbeth, and greater. This confuses me greatly, for had they not just said that Macbeth would be king? Of course, I chose not to believe these instruments of darkness. Amazingly, minutes after the sisters had vanished, Macbeth was announced Thane of Cawdor. We were both quite taken aback, for the beings had foretold that very thing. I think our minds both raced towards the third prediction, All hail Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter! I believe that Macbeth began to think about how to make the third prophecy a reality. We spoke no more about it. Surprisingly, Malcolm was named Duncans successor, though Macbeth was firm favourite in my mind, at least.

LIVING TO DIE :: essays research papers

Living to Die â€Å"Love is the emblem of eternity: it confounds all notion of time: effaces all memory of a beginning, all fear of an end.† ~ Germaine De Stael In William Shakespeare’s Sonnet #73 [That Time of Year Thou Mayst in Me Behold], the main theme of an approaching and inevitable death is applied. Moreover, this theme is being explained to a loved one in order for her to embrace and cherish her love for him while he still breathes. Beginning with the first quatrain, Shakespeare compares his age to that of autumn which stands for his advancement of years. Furthermore, in the second quatrain, Shakespeare elaborately compares his aging to a sunset, which is right before night, or in Shakespeare’s case, death. In the final quatrain Shakespeare further compares his life to the life of a fire, which burns bright at the beginning but eventually dies out and turns to ashes. The point of the final couplet is to have the reader realize that the entire sonnet is written to his lover; in order to symbolize the way that Shakespeare feels that she views him in natural terms. Furthermore it shows the undying nature of love present be tween them, which cannot die along with his death. In the first quatrain, Shakespeare metaphorically compares himself to a tree in the season of fall. The season of fall is symbolic because it represents a transition in time, right after spring and summer when life is full of energy, and right before winter when everything is dead and ceased to be. He goes on to say 'That time of year thou mayst in me behold when yellow leaves, or none, or few, do hang upon those boughs which shake against the cold"(579). Shakespeare uses conceit to elaborately compare his furtherance of age to the aging tree in the fall. Just as the tree is helpless and naked to the elements, Shakespeare is naked and helpless in the hands of time. Furthermore, Shakespeare portrays the fact that his death is inevitable. In the second quatrain, Shakespeare seems to say death comes like night, dark and quiet, like a thief, stealing when we sleep. Moreover, the speaker compares his age to the late twilight, "As after sunset fadeth in the west," and the remaining light is slowly extinguished into the darkness. Meaning, death will come, without question. The sun setting could also be regarded as the sun going to sleep, which plays on the last line of the quatrain, "Death's second self, which seals upon rest.

Motivation in the Classroom

One of the most difficult tasks an educator faces is motivating students. What exactly is it that makes a student want to learn? Why are some students easily motivated while other students must be coaxed to perform tasks that seem simple? A teacher has to ask these questions about each individual student in his or her class, and usually starts to search for the answers within the first few days of meeting their students. It is important for an educator to have a working com/strategies-for-academic-success/">definition of motivation if they plan on implementing motivational techniques in their classroom.According to Eric Jensen (2005), author of Teaching with the Brain in Mind, motivation is, â€Å"arousal and drive. Arousal suggests orientation towards a goal, and drive is caring enough to do something about achieving the goal† (p. 102). Jensen suggests that some students will be intrinsically motivated and require very little push to succeed. He also makes it clear that there are many students with which an educator will have to work in order to build that intrinsic motivation. Ultimately, success in the classroom can be formed in many different ways, but there are a few points that are absolutely necessary.Setting high expectations for your students is essential. Making sure that you know your students and cater to each individual child is also pertinent. Also, identifying outside factors that may cause success or a lack of success will be very important. The autonomy that a teacher shows his or her students is extremely important to success within the classroom. A student should be able to feel like what they do or say is taken into account by the teacher. This does not mean that the teacher will change the way they do things, but they will take into account the feelings and opinions of their students.This adds to the students feelings of self worth. In an article by Patricia Hardre (2003), A motivational model of rural students' intentions to persist in, versus drop out of, high school, she surveyed students asking them to rate the importance of certain qualities. Questions like, â€Å"My teachers provide me with choices and options,† and â€Å"My teachers try to understand how I see things before they suggest to me how they would handle a particular situation,† scored very highly and are viewed by the students as the most important aspect of a well rounded teacher (p.351).Providing a child with multiple ways to come to an answer will not only encourage the child, it will show them that you are interested in their success and have high expectations for them. Allison Ryan’s article, The classroom social environment and changes in adolescents' motivation and engagement during middle school, basically promotes the same ideas. She states that, â€Å"students' perceptions of teacher support and the teacher as promoting interaction and mutual respect were related to positive changes in motivation and engagementà ¢â‚¬  (p.451).The perception of a student about his or her teacher is critical, and will play a major role in whether or not the child is successful. The expectations that an educator places on their students will in many ways shape the way the class will learn from the first day until the last. A strong teacher is one that will provide the students with discipline as well as compassion. He or she will be a leader, but not afraid to listen and understand the needs of the students and of course adapt to those specific needs when applicable.These characteristics are very important, but what will ultimately lead to success is the teacher’s ability to motivate. We know how capable children are, and we know that their capabilities are almost endless. Often times what they are missing is leadership, direction, and someone telling them â€Å"I believe in you†. Isaac Friedman (2011) in his article, Teachers' role-expectations: Altruism, narcissism, patemalistic altruism, and benevolent narcissism, explains that teachers must use what he calls â€Å"benevolent narcissism† in their classroom.Freidman explains â€Å"benevolent narcissism† as the capacity of an educator to have such high expectations of their students that they almost come off as cocky (p. 19). Having such a positive attitude will ultimately build a child’s self worth and make them feel supported and believed in. This is also explained in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. As Robert E. Slavin (2012) explains, â€Å"Self esteem is critical to physical and psychological well-being† (p. 288).However, a child can be quick to doubt themselves if they feel like they have no one who believes in them. When perceived self-efficacy is high, more ambitious challenges are pursued, and commitments to lofty goals are made. When self-efficacy is low, the child will see failure as the most likely outcome of whatever obstacle they may face. Lisa Legault (2006) in her study, Why do high school students lack motivation in the classroom, explains that perceived failure is the single greatest barrier for a child to overcome if he or she hopes to be successful.She goes on to say that even students who do believe in their abilities sometimes have a difficult time believing that they will have the prowess to maintain the effort needed to complete an assignment or achieve in the classroom (p. 579). Furthermore, Johnmarshall Reeve (2003), author of the article Testing models of the experience of self-determination in intrinsic motivation and the conundrum of choice teaches that a child needs to feel â€Å"a sense of unpressured willingness to engage in the activity† (p. 380). This is completely relatable and understandable.Students are often faced with tasks that seem daunting to them, and without a support system it would be very easy to see how a child could lose belief in his or her ability to face a challenge. That is why it is so important to put each s tudent on the same playing field. In this way no student will feel inferior, but you will still be able to make sure each student is also taught to his or her specific needs. Students know when they are treated differently. They can absolutely tell whether or not their teacher is playing favorites in the classroom.It is excruciatingly painful to observe a classroom where a teacher has made some students feel special and others have been made to feel incompetent. Those students who no longer feel they have a place within the classroom are the ones with their heads down, or talking constantly to their peers, or they may even stop showing up altogether. In an article by Kristen Elmore (2012), If ‘we’ can succeed, ‘I’ can too: Identity-based motivation and gender in the classroom, she talks about the rapid decline in success of males within the classroom as opposed to their female counterparts.She talks about â€Å"identity-based motivation† and explains that male students are being stigmatized by their teachers. The male students believe that they need to be strong, and are made to feel like they should not require as much motivation as their female classmates in order to complete the same tasks (p. 181). This is an extremely unfortunate finding. By this point our educators should know that gender plays virtually no role in the intrinsic motivation of our students.Of course there may be plenty of young men and women that don’t need to be pushed in order for them to succeed, but the majority of them do need that extra push. There is no place for gender bias within our school systems. For an educator, one of the most important aspects of maintaining a thriving classroom is keeping your students engaged. When a student loses interest it becomes extremely difficult for them to be successful. In her article, Engagement and disaffection in the classroom: Part of a larger motivational dynamic, Ellen Skinner (2008) talks about the difficulty many teachers have with motivating their students.One of the main problems is that teachers are still trying to lecture at students and expect them to retain vast amounts of facts, instead of having them search for the correct answers. She maintains that when you require your students to sift through material and put together the pertinent information themselves, they are much more likely to hold on to that information. She also claims that this higher level learning will give the student more confidence because they will believe that the teacher has faith in them to learn the material (p. 772).Likewise, Xiaoying Wu (2013), author of Enhancing motivation and engagement through collaborative discussion, explains how important collaboration is in the classroom. Students enjoy working in groups or as a class in order to come to certain conclusions (p. 624). Working with their peers will especially help those students who need an extra push to succeed. Students gain motivatio n by working with other students that can push them to do better. An intentional teacher knows that all students are motivated. He or she also knows that this motivation is not the same level for each student.The intentional teacher strives to keep high the drive of the already motivated student, and also strives to bring out the motivation of the student that needs coaxing in order to succeed. They do this by having lesson plans that help students make sense of the material, which allows the student to take pride in their own accomplishments. A teacher is directly responsible for the motivation of his or her students, and will in many ways shape the way those students approach tasks throughout the rest of their lives.

Media Stereotyping

IndividualFinal Project| Write a 1,400- to 1,750-word paper that answers the following questions: * In what ways does the media perpetuate stereotyping and prejudice? Provide examples to support your assertion. * In what ways does the media help foster appreciation for diversity? Provide examples to support your assertion. * How might individuals and the United States work together to reduce prejudice and increase appreciation for diversity? * How might you change your own behaviors to be more inclusive and pluralistic? | Day 7| 10| ————————————————- *In what ways do the media perpetuate stereotyping and prejudice? Provide examples to support your assertion. America is a relatively young country born in war and to this day continues to struggle with its identity. What makes this country strong is the ideals of freedom and equality. â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evi dent that all men are created†. This is the ideal makes America strong, that no matter where you come from rich or poor that you as an American can achieve the American dream. We have had our struggles, but that is what makes us strong. It is not been an easy journey, we have paid dearly for our freedoms and our way of life.Some people have paid more than others to struggle for the freedoms guaranteed from being an American. Diversity can be traced all the same lines as civil rights movement in America. There is been a fierce battle for independence of different peoples spread across this land. From the deep South and the marches of Martin Luther King Jr. to the Northeast and the persecution of the Puritans. The Southwest has become the new battleground for diversity with the battle against illegal immigration. Some of the information about diversity United States is on display at the Smithsonian Institute in Washington DC.To truly understand the struggles of the civil rights movement and the role of diversity in the southern states throughout the 50s and 60s, you really have to go and see the bus seat of Rosa Parks. You have to see the soda fountain counter and the fire hose used to what a young black man down the street in Birmingham Alabama. I think that the most important point about diversity and one that cannot be silenced as the voices of the people that live this struggle every day, and the forums like this class that bring people from all walks of life from around the globe together to expose the ignorance of racism and prejudice and discrimination.Have you learned something new about your own racial, ethnic, or cultural history? * My history is of Irish decent we came to America for better life. We paid that price in hard work and blood. We came here as indentured servants that we had to work our way to freedom, never once was the American dream promised to us we earned everything. I think that the struggle that we had to go through game us a s ense of pride in America. It was the Chinese and the Irish that built the railroads across this country. We dug the coal that fired the furnaces of the steel mills and we came from places like Hell's kitchen New York City.What this forum has done for me has given me a sense of pride that just not the Irish and the Chinese struggle for the freedom but it seems as if all of the in one way or another had to fight for everything that we have accomplished. Trends in immigration will continue to shape the demographics of the United States. What will the U. S. population look like in the year 2050? Why do you think so? Everybody around the world wants what America has because we have the ideals of freedoms and the dreams of success the great immigration to America will continue.At the present time America has about 20 million immigrants from Mexico and South America. As economies of Third World country continue to deteriorate more and more people will come to America. Everybody wants what America has but because of the agendas of Third World country politicians and the corruption of governments and the war over illegal criminal activities the safe haven of America will still be the priority of people around the world. The demographics of the United States we will continue to move to a change in diversity from a white majority to really know majority at all.The Hispanic population continues to grow in America while the white population continues to decline. The African-American population has already moved from the largest minority to the second largest minority be replaced by the Hispanic minority. If this trend continues by 2050 we can see the Hispanic population become the majority of the largest minority and other people who have not had to fight for civil rights may now find themselves as a beneficiary of those civil rights battles fought by other minorities. What challenges does the United States face due to the diversity of its people? The first issue that come s to mind is language.If the Hispanic population becomes a majority will we see a change in the language that is not only taught but spoken in America. Many merchants and government agencies now speak Spanish as well as English. The challenge of communication is going to be getting everyone on the same sheet of music. I recently been into a store that is predominantly Hispanic and many of the labels are printed in Spanish I have also been a store where the labels are printed in Arabic in order for America to maintain diversity without separation we will have to have a common language that is spoken and written by everyone.Any area of civil rights those court cases that were settled with the idea of a white majority and other minorities may now be referred as a white majority will find itself as a minority. So with that in mind will we see affirmative action for white people? What will be the reaction of the minorities and those court cases are turned around and used against them. Wh at are the benefits of such a diverse society? The benefits of a diverse society is one that a brings equality everyone. With a more diverse society we should not see the need for racial, sexual or disability court cases.More diverse society will be a more understanding society by that I mean that we should not have to force a building or company to put in a wheelchair ramp it will simply be understood that one is needed. The more understanding society will bring about the benefits of less crime less people in prison which will save us all tax dollars and the burdens that are put upon society by hate crimes. The benefits of this society will only continue to get better as the ignorance of discrimination is eliminated from our mindset.How can we foster a climate of acceptance and cultural pluralism in the United States? * The foster a climate of acceptance in United States we will need to revamp our education system. We need to bring more exposure of different races into the schools of our children. We will never defeat the closed minds of the ignorant until we put those prejudices to the test of a person to person encounter. To say that we hate black people when we have never met black people and we're only going on what we see on TV, we are basing our prejudices on what other people want us to believe.If we are going to defeat discrimination and bring about cultural pluralism we will need to put those thoughts in the minds of our children. Education and first-hand experience is the only way they were going to bring about pluralism in the United States. There are too many rural communities where prejudices still exist today based upon ideals from 50 years ago. In what ways do the media perpetuate stereotyping and prejudice? Provide examples to support your assertion.

Amazon River Basin essays

Amazon River Basin essays The Amazon is one of the largest rivers of the world and the chief river of the South America. It is 4,000 miles long, about 6,400 km. It is the second largest river in the world's and the flow is the world largest by far. It is also one of the deepest rivers. The Amazon River begins at Huarco. The Amazon system is joined to the Orinoco by the Casiquaire River in Venezeula. The Amazon Basin is almost 40% of the total area of South America. The Amazon area is a home to many of the known animals and many unknown animals. The Amazon holds a great biodiversity. The Amazon spreads over 2,030,000 square mile. Over 25,000 species of plants and more butterflies can be found here than anywhere else on the planet. There are also 170 Indian cultural groups living in the Amazon, remnants of the 7 million who flourished there once, but who have been reduced to no more than 200,000 today. Tropical is considered to be the rivers climate and 87 degrees farenheit being its average temperature. The average rainfall across the whole Amazon Basin is approximately 2300mm annually.As known in some areas of the northwest portion of the Amazon Basin, yearly rainfall can exceed 6000mm. The Amazon Basin has not always been an area of lush tropical rainforest. During several times in its history, the basin has been the location of huge lakes and shallow seas. Salt deposits up to 600 meters thick(nearly 2000 feet) have also been found in some locations indicating that at one time the basin may have been desert-like, drying up the shallow seas and creating the salt deposits.The Amazon rainforest has a great variety of plant life. Scientists have found it to be up to 3,000 species of plants in one sq. mile. Amazons' Climate The Amazon's climate is heaviliy influenced by where the Amazon is situated in the tropics. This gives it a warm temperature and plenty of rain. The major contribution the climate makes to the Amazon ...

Italian Vowels - Pronunciation Examples

Italian Vowels s Italian vowels ( le vocali a i u e o The approximate English equivalents are as follows: a is like a in the English word ah! Italian / Englishcasa  Ã‚  houseantipasto  Ã‚  appetizerama  Ã‚  lovesbanana  Ã‚  bananasala  Ã‚  hallPapa  Ã‚  Popefama  Ã‚  famepasta  Ã‚  pasta; dough; pastry e is sometimes like e in the English word they (without the final i glide). Italian / Englishe  Ã‚  andbeve  Ã‚  drinksme  Ã‚  mefede  Ã‚  faithvede  Ã‚  seesmele  Ã‚  applessete  Ã‚  thirstpepe  Ã‚  pepper e is sometimes like e in the word met. This is the open e. Italian / Englishà ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  islento  Ã‚  slowbene  Ã‚  wellfesta  Ã‚  party; holidaysedia  Ã‚  chairpresto  Ã‚  soonvento  Ã‚  windtà ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  tea i is like i in machine. Italian / Englishlibri  Ã‚  booksbimbi  Ã‚  childrenvini  Ã‚  winesviolini  Ã‚  violinstini  Ã‚  vatspini  Ã‚  pines o is sometimes like o in the English word oh!. Italian / Englisho  Ã‚  ordono  Ã‚  giftnome  Ã‚  namesolo  Ã‚  aloneposto  Ã‚  placetondo  Ã‚  roundvolo  Ã‚  flightmondo  Ã‚  world o is sometimes like o in or. This is the open o. Italian / Englishmoda  Ã‚  fashiontoga  Ã‚  togano  Ã‚  nooro  Ã‚  goldposta  Ã‚  mailbrodo  Ã‚  brothcosa  Ã‚  thingtrono  Ã‚  thronerosa  Ã‚  roseolio  Ã‚  oil u is like u in rule. Italian / Englishluna  Ã‚  moonfungo  Ã‚  mushroomuno  Ã‚  onelungo  Ã‚  longfuga  Ã‚  fuguemulo  Ã‚  muleuso  Ã‚  usetubo  Ã‚  tube

Space Age Furniture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Space Age Furniture - Essay Example Space Age Furniture manufactures tables and cabinets to hold portable televisions and microwave ovens. It has the part no. 3079 which is used in two subassemblies, no. 435 used in Gemini TV stand and no.257 used in the Saturn Microwave. Using a lot size of 1,000; Using the master schedule, in week 1, 600 Gemini and 300 Saturn were made. Here, parts no. 435 and 257 were use in the subassemblies and part 3079 were also each used in each sub assemblies to make the final products. Therefore, to make the final product in week one; To improve the over sub-assemblies in lot sizes of 1,000, the management can increase the demand for the final product so that, all the sub-assemblies produced can be used in the production of the final product (Gray, 2000). For this mater, any week when sub-assemblies of lot sizes 1,000 are produced and the number is higher than the minimum required, the rest can be used for production in the next or the following week following the week in question. For this problem, if the sub-assemblies of lot sizes 1,000 have produced a lumpy demand for part no. 3079, it therefore means that, the demand for the different subassemblies such as part no. 257 and part no. 435 must also increase, hence increasing the demand for the subassemblies used to produce the final product. To make good use of this, the over demanded quantity of part no. 3079 can be used to produce more final products to boost profits (Magee, 2010). Any overtime work, the machinist is paid a 50% premium. If he is paid $22 on normal working hours, it means, during overtime, he is paid $11. On the other hand, inventory costs include $0.25 to hold any part per week and it also costs $0.75 to hold the sub-assemblies in inventory per week. This means that it costs $1 to hold all these components in the inventory per week. It means therefore that, for every hour, overtime is paid at $11, for a whole week, there are 40-hours worked. It therefore shows that, the on each unit produced,

ESTELLE v. GAMBLE, 429 U.S. 97 (1976) Annotated Bibliography

ESTELLE v. GAMBLE, 429 U.S. 97 (1976) - Annotated Bibliography Example After a few days of treatment Gamble was reinstated to his normal duties but still complained of pains. He was sent to administrative segregation under the care of another doctor. He was taken to the prisons’ discipline committee for scrutiny and admonished to work but declined with complaints of intense back pain. While in confinement, Gamble asked for a chance to meet the doctor for further treatment but the prison but was denied the opportunity by a prison warded. This left him with no option but to continue suffering the pains. Gamble sued W.J. Estelle who acted as the Junior Director in the Department of Correction, H.H. Husbands who was a prison warden and Dr Gray Ralph, a medical practitioner in the Texas Department of Corrections. In the presentation, Gamble claimed infringement of his right to fair treatment envisioned in the Eighth Amendment to the US Constitution by the triple when he was subjected to inhuman punishment leading to his back injuries. The court had to determine if the prisoner was subjected to deliberate indifference treatment by the prison officials. The court also had to determine whether the complainant received any medical attention after the injury as per the requirement of the law. In addition, the court had to determine if the complainant had access to a health professional within or after the timeline when he placed his request. Furthermore, the court had to find out whether the patient was relieved of his duties immediately after reporting the injury and during treatment. The most fundamental issue was to determine if at any case the prison officials violated the cruel and unusual treatment clause of section 42 of the Eighth Amendment to the US Constitution. Since the plaintiff, Gamble had been subjected to harsh and severe treatment while in prison, the legal principle most applicable is the Eighth Amendment protection

Mahatma Gandhi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mahatma Gandhi - Essay Example It is true that Imam Hussein adhered to his righteous denial to submit to the unjust authority of Yazeed Ibn Muyawia and sacrificed his own and his people’s lives for what he thought to be right, he never excluded the option of using arms against Yazeed’s army. Here, Gandhi’s leadership significantly differs from that of Imam Hussein. There are other differences too. Gandhi had been able to establish the model of his goal and successfully shared his vision with the Indians. This success further enabled him to challenge his own model in numerous sociopolitical movements, and subsequently to bring some minor changes in his way. Thus, taking lessons from those challenges, he had been able to encourage others to act effectively against the sociopolitical evils. But the question is whether Hussein himself used this tactics and traits of effective leadership successfully. In fact, a critical analysis of Hussein’s and Gandhi’s leaderships will necessarily reveal that Gandhi took the only lesson of adhering to one’s righteous claim nonviolently from the example of Imam Hussein’s martyrdom. In other cases, Hussein was not a successful leader at all. If he were a successful leader, he would possess all of the characteristics of effective leadership. Necessarily, he could convince more people and take them with him to the Battle Field of Karbala. In that case, he might not have faced such a tragic end. Mohandas K. Gandhi was one of the most influential sociopolitical leaders of modern history. He is famous for his contribution to the fate of Modern India, a country which is, to a great extent, indebted to him for her freedom in 1947. In fact, this association of Gandhi with the emergence of India made him a political figure. He passed a considerable part of his life as a political campaigner in the Congress, a political party of India under the British rule. Even if Gandhi was an active political activist, his activities in volved innumerous social and political reformations in his country. It successfully brought him the landslide popularity among common Indians. Indeed the question whether he was primarily a political figure or a social will continue to engender debate till one fails to pursue the true Gandhian nationalist zeal. The son of a senior British Government clerk, Gandhi adamantly believed in the soul of democracy and the formal democratic politics.1 Once he was a devout British patriot who motivated the Indians’ to support the British Army against Zulu Kingdom in 1906. Anticipating the Indians’ weakness to confront the British Empire militarily, he chose to play the game of dissenting against the British tyranny within the British-induced political system in order to avoid the path of bloodshed and wanted to provoke his nation to be aware politically and then to oppose it from within.2 In this regard, his early experience of successful civil-disobedience or non-violent protes t against the segregation Act of the Transvaal Government in 1906 helped him a lot to developed and adopt the ‘Satyagraha’ as an effective nonviolent demonstration against the British while causing mass sociopolitical awarneness among the Indians.3 Indeed Gandhi’s political insight and experience urged him to assume the role of a social reformer. His stance as a social reformer helped him greatly to attain his political goal of uniting the Indians to turn into a strong political force. Indeed Gandhi was a

The Human Population Essay Example for Free

The Human Population Essay Abstract Why is it that there are countries today experiencing economic stability and unrelenting progress while, in contrast, there countries still experiencing poverty? These are questions that can be answered when look through and compare populations of different countries. There are stages that a population goes through over time and those have major effects on what a country experiences in general. The Human Population   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It’s splendid how colorful and beautiful a Monarch butterfly (Danaus Plexippus) is that no one would think that it started as a poor and humble larva called the caterpillar. Similarly, human population doesn’t just pop – out of the smoke and there is it – in its most thriving state. Just like a butterfly, human population undergoes several transformations and transitions towards its prosperity as time winds off. Even first world countries today experienced misery before. It’s just that they have already much further gone through what we call the demographic transition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Having a sort of similarity to butterflies’ metamorphic process, demographic transition is one dramatic process of transformation that a certain human population experiences at different periods of time. What we don’t know is that population changes its â€Å"state† at different points of history. Say for example, a certain country now experiences an explosion in terms of child population. This is true for the third world countries such as Africa’s sub – Saharan countries such as Ghana and some South – East Asian countries like Laos. But that doesn’t mean that such countries would experience it forever. There would be some point in time that they would undergo transformation and leave the current state of their population. Even well developed countries experienced undergoing high population rates due to extensive CBR (Crude Birth Rate). The only thing is that history has provided them to surpass the stage earlier than other countries. Take England as an instance. England had experienced undergoing this stage as early as the 1800’s.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Just what was said earlier, a certain human population doesn’t just emerge immediately already as a thriving population. It undergoes several stages in the demographic transition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Stage 1 of the demographic transition is generally the â€Å"struggle†. At this stage, people’s way of thinking is that they must bear many children to ensure a stronger working force in the future, that contributes to a high CBR. Also, another reason that contributes to a high CBR at this stage is the lack of birth control programs that is being implemented. This is true for the western countries during the industrial revolution although there are still some countries under this stage up to this day. Along with the high CBR is also a high CDR (Crude Death Rate) in the population. Failure to prevent epidemics and diseases due to lack of sanitation and medicine is one factor that contributes to a high CDR.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The next stage of the demographic transition is when the population is rapidly growing at an alarming rate. There is a high rate of children getting born over time but the death rate doesn’t grow. In some countries which are at this stage provides insufficient birth control programs but is providing adequate health care programs. Creating an unequal trend between the CBR and the CDR. More children in the population means that there is a large number in the population that must be provided with needs that accounts to more expenses that must be satisfied by the population. This results to an extensive use of resources that leads to environmental destruction like far-reaching logging and illegal quarrying. This in turn leads to poverty which is true in certain developing countries such as the third world countries. In order to get through, just like what the stable countries have done, the government must find ways to solve such problems. Providing jobs, better health care and sanitation programs and education can help on alleviating the crisis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During the third stage of the transition, there is already an apparent stability of the CBR and CDR. The countries at this stage can already provide for much better birth control programs although there is still a slight increase of birth rate. China, South Korea and Cuba are examples of countries undergoing this stage.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The last stage is during the time a certain country has already attained economic stability. Some Europeans are had already reached this stage of Demographic transition. The labor force in these countries is massive that creates a large income flow, that’s why the country is undoubtedly able provide effective health programs, birth control programs and other courses that would take care of its population and maintain it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One distinguishing characteristic of countries at this stage is that it has a mature population. Meaning to say that a large percentage making up the population is people aging from 60 years old and above or what we call the senior citizens. Gradually, aging countries, that’s how we should call them, experiences economic turn down. The reason for this is that the aging population grows that result to the dropping of the working population. And also, contributing to the population’s economic crisis is that the government tends to allocate a large part of the country’s budget for old age people’s care and services.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And also, a large part of countries in the fourth stage of demographic transition are immigrants.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   So when we see a population in such a state, it doesn’t mean forever. Before being a butterfly, it must be a caterpillar at first. References About.com (2007). Demographic Transition. Retrieved October 22, 2007, from http://geography.about.com/od/culturalgeography/a/demotransition.htm Institute For Futures Studies (October 2000). Four Phases in the Demographic Transition. Retrieved October 22, 2007, from http://www.framtidsstudier.se/filebank/files/ 20051201$132852$fil$u0byJpuS9KO6S443Tj6g.pdf

Internet Marketing :: BTEC Business Management Marketing GCSE

Internet Marketing Being a writer isn’t a complicated task, but being a messageful writer requires lot of experience and inner self-presentation. James Baldwin was a very great writer. He expresses his inner feeling into his writing, which makes him true writer. When ever he wrote something always contain some kind of message. Most of his writing about African American culture where he raised. His writing tells the story of pain. He painted cruel history of black community into his writing. His writing contains lot of pain and anger, which could only describe by his writing. He was a one of the leader who speeches his nation by his writing. After reading his piece of art, which was presented via short stories and many books, I have come to perceive James Baldwin as a legendary writer. Through his short stories, Baldwin expresses the truth about his life. It seems that most of Baldwin's life was spent during times of extreme racism and he was strongly discriminated against due to his racial and ethnic background. Some of his stories were written in the middle of 19th century, a time when American citizens were distinguished by their color. It was a time when black and white people had their own separate worlds in which they were living. It was very hard to break the narrow-minded ways of many racist people. In other words, there was a self-created border between both races. In his stories, "Previous Condition" and "Sonny's Blues," Baldwin has developed characters to fight against racism in attempts to live their lives as they please. In "Previous Condition," the character named Peter, had a very difficult life. For example, throughout his childhood, Peter was often called a "Niger" by white children. At that time, Peter was too young to understand the meaning of that word. After understanding what people meant when they called him "Niger," he began to hate his life. Peter no longer wanted to live in the neighborhood in which he belonged to. Peter wanted to change his entire lifestyle. He didn't want to just "struggle and survive." Peter didn't want to be average, he wanted to succeed. Finally, in pursuit of his dreams, Peter decided to sneak out of his neighborhood with the help of a white friend. This turned out to be an awful mistake that Peter would regret for as long as he lived.

Action Research Proposal

In 1980, a new curriculum KBSR (or integrated curriculum for primary school) was introduced in order to develop individuals who are more rounded and versatile. Later on, the KBSM (the integrated curriculum for secondary school) was implemented as the students progressed to secondary school. As a continuation of the strategy, the secondary school program was developed, whereby it is emphasizing on the teaching of four language skills (reading, listening, writing, and speaking). Besides that, sound system, grammar and vocabulary are also included as the content of the syllabus. Here, the purpose of the strategy is to upgrade general proficiency of English Language among Malaysian students. Most of the tasks listed in our syllabus are focusing on the communicative purpose. But, in fact, classroom approaches are usually depends on the teacher to decide the best methods for his or her own class. For the primary level pupil, they learn English eight periods a week from Standard One to Standard Three and seven periods a week from Standard Four to Standard Six. At the secondary level, students learn English five periods a week. Myriad of background, ranging from diverse ethnicity closely consisting of Malay, Chinese and Indian students to differences in personality traits and motivational levels and types are the unique features of our Malaysian school classrooms. There is a growing trend in language education today to shift the focus from the teacher to learner. This view sees the learner as the active participant in the learning process and the teacher’s role not only to teach the learner â€Å"what to learn† but to teach the learner â€Å"how to learn†. In other words the teacher’s prime role is to help learners become independent or autonomous learners I have been in SJK (T) Pengkalan Hulu for about three months. I have been given responsibility to teach English Language for Year 4 pupils. The pupils in my class are with different learning ability and different competence level. There are good, moderate and weak pupils in my class. Therefore, I need to manage myself to be familiar with the pupils’ attitude and behavior. In addition, I need to know their needs in learning process whereby they have different level of English Language competency. The English language competency level among the Year 4 pupils of SJK (T) Pengkalan Hulu is mix between low and moderate level. They are very weak in vocabulary and pronunciation. Failure to master both aspects need to be tackled to meet the challenge to produce students who are able to communicate and versatile.

Alkylation agents as Chemotherapeutic agents

Chemotherapy simply means the use of chemicals to treat disease by destroying microorganism or cancerous or tumor cells. Generally, chemotherapy acts by destroying rapidly dividing cells although the mechanism that leads to this differs. Several divisions of chemotherapy agents exist such as the anti-metabolites, plant alkaloids the topoisomerase inhibitors, anthracyclines and alkylation agents which are discussed in this paper. Generally, alkylation agents work by addition of alkyl groups to the guanine of DNA molecule at number 7 atom of imidazole group (Siddik, 2002).Alkylation agent’s significance The name originates from their ability to alkylate several nuclophilic functional categories in certain cellular conditions . Examples of alkylation agents are carboplatin, oxaliplatin and cisplatin that work by covalent bond formation with specific carboxyl, sulphurhydril and phosphate groups in molecules of biological importance (Siddik, 2002). These are regarded as platinum-ba sed alkylation agents. These platinum based alkylation agent are divided into first, second and third generations made up of cisplatin,caboplatin and oxaliplatin respectively.They found important use in treatment of mesothelioma . They work at all stage of cell cycle and impair cellular DNA synthesis as well as transcption (Siddik, 2002). Cisplatin is used to treat lung and testicular cancers. Other alkylation agents include chlorambucil, mechlorethamine, ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide as well as procarbazine and bulsulphan. Alkylation agents are effective at all stage of cell cycle making them useful in treating wide range of cancer especially the slow growing ones like solid tumor and leukemia (Pizzo & Poplack, 2006)All share biochemical mechanism although they may differ in their clinical effects. The significance of alkylation agents is not only seen in treatment of leukemia, lymphomas and solid tumors. They are also found significant in the treatment of non neoplastic conditio ns such as cyclophosphamide use in treatment of autoimmune disease . Pulse dose cyclophosphamide is used in lupus nephritis and other conditions like Wegener’s granulomatosis, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis (Siddik, 2002).They are not however free of side effects especially after prolonged use and these include amenorrhea (cessation of menses), oligospermia (reduction in sperm count) as well as secondary cancers such as acute myelogenous leukemia (Pizzo & Poplack, 2006). General classification of alkylating chemotherapeutic agents ? Non-specifically acting agents: They crosslink guanine nucleobases present in double helix of DNA and by so doing stop tumor proliferation. ? Agents that need activation : This includes cyclophosphamide which needs in-vovo conversion to active product? Biakylating and Monoakylating agents: The biakylating agents are capable of reacting with two 7-N guanine residues. When these residues are in different DNA strands, there is resulting crosslinkage of DNA strands and this makes DNA double helix to fail to uncoil (Siddik, 2002). However, when the two guanine moieties are in same base strands, what occurs is known as limpet association of DNA to the drug molecule. Example of biakylating agent is Bulsuphan . On the contrary, monoakylating agents are only capable of reacting with one 7-N of guanine molecule.? Classical alkylation agents: These are termed alkyl groups and they include three subgroups which are: (a) the nitrogen mustards which include mephalan, ifosfamide, uramustine, chlorambucil, mechlorethamine and cyclophosphamide b) The nitrosoureas which are carmustine, streptozocin and lomustine c) the alkyl sulphonates such as bulsuphan. ? Alkylation-like agents: They lack alkyl group but destroy DNA. They are regarded as alkylation-like as they coordinate to DNA so as to interrupt DNA repair permanently.They are the platinum based drugs such as cisplatin,oxaliplatin and carboplatin. They also bind at N7 positio n of guanine (Siddik, 2002) ? The Non-classical: Certain categories are termed non-classical such as altremine and procarbazine. Furthermore, sometimes the platinum based drugs are also regarded as non-classical. Nitrogen Mustards The nitrogen mustards are a group of DNA alkylation agents which are not specific . They are cytotoxic and have similar qualities to mustard gas, hence utilized as medicinal and chemical warfare agents.Nitrogen mustards stockpiled by many countries in WW II serve as potent and useful blister agents. Nitrogen mustards suppress bone marrow production of red blood cells. The first nitrogen mustard developed was mustine with anti-neoplastic chemotherapeutic value. Other examples of alkylation agents in nitrogen mustard family are mephalan, cholambucil, cyclophosphamide, uramustine and ifosfomide (Siddik, 2002). The likes of Bis (2-chloroethyl) ethylamine and Tris (2-choloroethlamine) are few nitrogen mustards used in chemical warfare.Nitrogen mustard’s mode of action involves formation of aziridinium or cyclic aminium ion when the amine nitrogen displaces chloride at intermolecular level. This is then followed by alkylation of DNA centers by the azidirium group (Siddik, 2002). Malfunctioning of alkylation DNA is usual during replication (Pizzo & Poplack, 2006). They prevent cell division and by so doing cause abnormal base pairing. Also it is possible that more than a single alkylation groups may exist in each molecule .In order words, these therapeutically useful alkylation agents are either bialkylating or polyalkylating agents (Siddik, 2002). The damaging effect is comparable to that which is seen with exposure of genetic material to radiation making it radiometric. Earlier, nitrogen mustards have been shown to form interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) and this formation takes place between N-7 of guanine residue in a 5†²-d (GC) sequence, although it was later discovered that nitrogen mustards form a 1,3 Interstrand crosslinks in the 5†²-d (GNC) sequence (Siddik, 2002).For instance, cyclophosphamide (cytophosphane), a nitrogen mustard arise from oxazophorine group and exhibits their chemotherapeutic effects by its nitrogen mustard metabolite,phosphoramide which form both interstrand and intrastrand crosslinkages at N-7 position of guanine molecule causing cell death. Cyclophosphamide metabolite is usually produced in cell with low amount of ALDH. References Pizzo, P. A & Poplack, D. G. (2006). Principles and practice of pediatric oncology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.pp. 310-320. Siddik, Z. H (2002)Mechanism of action of Cancer chemotherapeutic agents; DNA-Interactive alkylation agents and Antitumor platinum based Drugs. Retrieved On August 15,2010 from http://webcache. googleusercontent. com/search? q=cache:brnWwlXCLnIJ:hasdl. kau. edu. sa/encyclopedia/2/h6%2520archive/17. pdf+Mechanisms+of+Action+of+Cancer+Chemotherapeutic+Agents:+DNA-Interactive+Alkylating+Agents+and+Antitumour+Platinum-Based+Drug s+by+Zahid+H. +Siddik&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk